Iran Replace, June 5, 2025
Ria Reddy, Ben Rezaei, Carolyn Moorman, Ben Schmida, Avery Borens, Johanna Moore, and Annika Ganzeveld
Data Cutoff: 2:00pm ET
The Important Threats Venture (CTP) on the American Enterprise Institute and the Institute for the Examine of Battle (ISW) publish the Iran Replace, which offers insights into Iranian and Iranian-sponsored actions that undermine regional stability and threaten US forces and pursuits. CTP-ISW publishes the Iran Replace each weekday.
Click on here to see CTP and ISW’s interactive map of the continued opposition offensive in Syria, and here to see CTP and ISW’s interactive map of Israeli floor operations. The Syria map is up to date every day alongside the static Syria maps on this report. CTP-ISW ended every day maps of Israeli floor operations in February 2025.
We don’t report intimately on battle crimes as a result of these actions are well-covered in Western media and don’t immediately have an effect on the navy operations we’re assessing and forecasting. We totally condemn violations of the legal guidelines of armed battle and the Geneva Conventions and crimes towards humanity though we don’t describe them in these experiences.
A wide range of Syrian armed teams, together with these related to the brand new transitional authorities, the Assad regime, and hardline Islamic teams, have dedicated a sequence of extrajudicial killings because the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024. CTP-ISW completely condemns these extrajudicial killings.
Russia continues to place itself as a mediator within the US–Iran nuclear negotiations. Russia’s mediation of the US–Iran talks could be most unlikely to safe US pursuits given Russia’s alignment with Iran. US President Donald Trump acknowledged on June 4 that Russian President Vladimir Putin provided to “take part” within the US–Iran nuclear negotiations.[1] Russia’s supply to mediate the negotiations comes after Iranian Supreme Chief Ali Khamenei explicitly rejected a current US nuclear proposal to Iran as a result of the proposal would require Iran to ultimately halt all uranium enrichment on Iranian soil.[2] CTP-ISW beforehand assessed that Iran’s continued rejection of the US demand for zero uranium enrichment may trigger the US–Iran nuclear negotiations to break down.[3] Iran and Russia have held a number of conferences since March 2025 to debate the dispute between Iran and the US over Iran’s nuclear program.[4] Russia has opposed acknowledged US targets within the nuclear negotiations and the current US proposal by supporting Iran’s proper to complement uranium.[5] Russian Everlasting Consultant to the UN in Vienna Mikhail Ulyanov claimed in early March 2025 that Iran’s manufacturing of 60 % enriched uranium has “no weapons danger.”[6] Iran presently has sufficient 60 % enriched uranium, if enriched additional, to supply almost 10 nuclear weapons.[7] Russia’s assist for Iran’s home uranium enrichment is inconsistent with the acknowledged US place towards uranium enrichment on Iranian soil. US President Donald Trump confirmed on June 3 that the US maintains its place that Iran can not enrich uranium.[8]
Iran and Russia have deepened political and navy cooperation in recent times, notably because the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Iran has supported Russia’s invasion of Ukraine by offering Russia with Fateh-360 ballistic missiles and launchers and Shahed drones.[9] Iran reportedly bought Russian Su-35 fighter jets in January 2025, although Russia has not but delivered the Su-35s to Iran.[10] Russia has additionally supported and cooperated with Iran’s Axis of Resistance in recent times. This cooperation has included working with Iran and Iranian-backed militias to assault US forces within the Center East.[11] Russia additionally supported the Axis of Resistance towards Israel in the course of the October 7 Battle, together with by offering concentrating on intelligence to the Houthis to assist assaults on worldwide delivery and US vessels within the Crimson Sea and Gulf of Aden.[12] Iran and Russia signed a strategic cooperation settlement in January 2025, which additional illustrates their shut collaboration and alignment in working to erode US international affect.[13]
Iran is leveraging its membership in multilateral organizations similar to BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Group (SCO) to attempt to mitigate the results of worldwide sanctions. Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf attended the eleventh BRICS Parliamentary Discussion board in Brazil on June 4 and 5.[14] Ghalibaf referred to as for a joint legislative constitution amongst BRICS members to counter sanctions.[15] Ghalibaf urged BRICS members to make use of various monetary instruments, similar to BRICS Pay, and conduct business transactions utilizing nationwide currencies as a substitute of the US greenback. Ghalibaf met with Brazilian officers on the sidelines of the discussion board to advertise the enlargement of bilateral ties by way of the Iran-Brazil Joint Financial Fee.[16]
Iranian Central Financial institution Governor Mohammad Reza Farzin individually attended a gathering for central financial institution governors of Shanghai Cooperation Group (SCO) member states in Beijing on June 2.[17] Farzin proposed the creation of a joint financial institution for SCO member states with a view to facilitate monetary transactions amongst members and scale back reliance on establishments such because the Worldwide Financial Fund and the World Financial institution. Iran’s emphasis on cooperation with BRICS and SCO members is a part of a broader Iranian effort to construct a parallel worldwide order that challenges “Western dominance” and US “unilateralism.”[18]
Senior Iranian navy commanders proceed to arrange for potential US or Israeli strikes on Iran. Khatam ol Anbia Air Protection Headquarters Commander Brigadier Common Alireza Sabahi Fard inspected Iran’s Northern Air Protection Zone at Mehrabad Airport in Tehran Province on June 5 to judge navy items and protection capabilities on the web site.[19] Sabahi Fard additionally inspected air protection positions close to former Supreme Chief Ruhollah Khomeini’s mausoleum in southern Tehran. Sabahi Fard could have inspected the Hazrat-e Amir Brigade Air Protection Web site. The Israel Protection Forces (IDF) struck the Hazrat-e Amir Brigade Air Protection Web site in October 2024.[20] The brigade is positioned roughly 8 miles from Khomeini’s mausoleum and about 7 miles from the Northern Air Protection Zone at Mehrabad Airport. Sabahi Fard has inspected at the least 12 Iranian air protection websites throughout Iran since April 2025.[21]
Key Takeaways:
- Russo-Iranian Cooperation: Russia continues to place itself as a mediator within the US–Iran nuclear negotiations. Russia’s mediation of the US–Iran talks is unlikely to safe US pursuits given Russia’s alignment with Iran. Russia has opposed acknowledged US targets within the nuclear negotiations and the current US proposal by supporting Iran’s proper to complement uranium. Russian Everlasting Consultant to the UN in Vienna Mikhail Ulyanov claimed in early March 2025 that Iran’s manufacturing of 60 % enriched uranium has “no weapons danger.” Iran presently has sufficient 60 % enriched uranium, if enriched additional, to supply almost 10 nuclear weapons.
- Iranian Efforts to Undermine Sanctions: Iran is leveraging its membership in multilateral organizations similar to BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Group (SCO) to attempt to mitigate the results of worldwide sanctions. Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf attended the eleventh BRICS Parliamentary Discussion board in Brazil on June 4 and 5. Ghalibaf referred to as for a joint legislative constitution amongst BRICS members to counter sanctions. Iranian Central Financial institution Governor Mohammad Reza Farzin individually attended a gathering for central financial institution governors of Shanghai Cooperation Group (SCO) member states in Beijing on June 2. Farzin proposed the creation of a joint financial institution for SCO member states with a view to facilitate monetary transactions amongst members and scale back reliance on establishments such because the Worldwide Financial Fund and the World Financial institution.
- Iranian Preparations for a Potential Strike: Senior Iranian navy commanders proceed to arrange for potential US or Israeli strikes on Iran. Khatam ol Anbia Air Protection Headquarters Commander Brigadier Common Alireza Sabahi Fard inspected Iran’s Northern Air Protection Zone at Mehrabad Airport in Tehran Province on June 5 to judge navy items and protection capabilities on the web site. Sabahi Fard additionally inspected air protection positions close to former Supreme Chief Ruhollah Khomeini’s mausoleum in southern Tehran. Sabahi Fard could have inspected the Hazrat-e Amir Brigade Air Protection Web site.
Iranian Determination-Making, Inside Dynamics, and Overseas Coverage
The Iranian appreciated from 837, 500 rials to at least one US greenback on June 4 to 836,500 rials to at least one US greenback on June 5.[22]
Syria
Syria and Lebanon have continued to dismantle probably Iranian-linked weapons smuggling networks alongside the Syria-Lebanon border. Syrian forces have interdicted at the least two weapons shipments in Homs Province en path to Lebanon since Might 29.[23] The seized shipments included Kornet anti-tank guided missiles, ammunition, small arms, machine weapons, and different unspecified navy gear.[24] These shipments have been probably headed to Hezbollah-affiliated fighters within the Bekaa Valley, provided that the weapons have been interdicted in Homs Province, which borders the Bekaa Valley. Hezbollah has traditionally used Kornet anti-tank missiles to assault Israeli tanks.[25] The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) closed six recognized smuggling routes between Syria and Lebanon close to Yahfoufa on Might 30.[26] Yahfoufa is positioned northwest of the Syrian city of Serghaya, which lies on a street that travels northward into Hezbollah’s stronghold within the Bekaa Valley.[27] The LAF has reportedly shut down 107 unlawful border crossings with Syria since January 2025.[28] An unspecified Lebanese navy supply advised Saudi media on Might 29 that the LAF is enhancing its presence alongside the Lebanon-Syria border and sustaining strict management over areas which are recognized for smuggling.[29] The Syrian transitional authorities and the LAF have held conferences in current months to reinforce navy coordination between the 2 nations.[30] Syrian Chief of Employees Main Common Ali al Naasan and Syrian Deputy Inside Minister for Police Affairs Main Common Ahmed Latouf lately met with LAF Liaison Officer Brigadier Common Michel Boutros on Might 27 and 28 to debate border safety and counter-smuggling efforts.[31]
The European Union (EU) Commissioner for the Mediterranean, Dubravka Suica, introduced on June 5 that the EU will present the Syrian transitional authorities with a 175 million euro grant to assist Syrian social and financial tasks.[32] The grant will assist Syrian public establishments, grassroots vitality tasks, training, well being, agriculture, transitional justice mechanisms, and human rights establishments.[33] The grant follows the EU’s resolution to raise sanctions on Syria on Might 28.[34] Suica visited Damascus and met with President Ahmed al Shara and Overseas Affairs Minister Asaad al Shaibani on June 5 to debate the grant and the return of Syrian refugees residing in Europe.[35] Suica confirmed that Shaibani will attend an EU ministerial convention in Brussels later in June.[36] She additionally famous that the EU Fee is working to combine Syria into a number of initiatives with its Mediterranean companions, together with the Erasmus+ program and the New Pact for the Mediterranean.[37] Suica was the primary EU commissioner to go to Damascus because the Syrian transitional authorities was established in March 2025.[38]
Iraq
A “political supply” advised Iraqi media on June 5 that the Shia Coordination Framework has agreed to amend the Iraqi electoral legislation forward of the November 2025 Iraqi parliamentary elections.[39] The Shia Coordination Framework is a unfastened coalition of Shia political events, a few of which Iran backs. The proposed electoral legislation modification reportedly adjusts the best way that votes are allotted to candidates by robotically distributing 20 % of the votes solid for the candidate with probably the most votes in a district to different candidates on the identical checklist.[40] Iraq presently distributes solely surplus votes, or votes exceeding the minimal variety of votes required to win a seat, from the top-performing candidate to different candidates on the identical checklist.[41] Iraq beforehand used this method in elections between 2010 and 2018. Iraq eliminated the power to switch votes between candidates on the identical checklist forward of the 2021 elections.[42] The Shia Coordination Framework handed an modification in 2023 to return Iraq to the 2010-2018 system, prone to favor Shia Coordination Framework events forward of the 2025 elections.[43] The Shia Coordination Framework’s reported consensus on this newly proposed modification means that the Shia Coordination Framework views this modification as a instrument to extend the probability that it’ll stay an influential bloc within the formation of the subsequent Iraqi authorities. Shia Coordination Framework parliamentarians will reportedly focus on the modification on the subsequent parliament session.[44] The Iraqi Parliament is on recess till early August 2025.[45]
Arabian Peninsula
The Houthis carried out a drone assault concentrating on Ben Gurion Airport in central Israel on June 4 as a part of the Houthi marketing campaign to implement an financial blockade on Israel.[46] The Israel Protection Forces (IDF) intercepted the Houthi drone.[47] Some worldwide airways have suspended flights by way of September 2025 resulting from issues of Houthi assaults on Ben Gurion Airport.[48]
The Palestinian Territories and Lebanon
Nothing important to report.
CTP-ISW won’t be masking the brand new Israeli operation within the Gaza Strip. Now we have reprioritized our Center East protection to concentrate on Iran’s nuclear program, Iranian home safety, and Iranian efforts to rebuild its networks into the Levant, together with the Palestinian Territories. Provided that Israel and its companions have destroyed Hamas’ navy group and severed the group’s capacity to resupply itself, we at the moment are targeted on how Iran seeks to rebuild its traces of communication with Hezbollah and Hamas by way of Syria.
The Iran Replace offers insights into Iranian and Iranian-sponsored actions overseas that undermine regional stability and threaten US forces and pursuits. It additionally covers occasions and traits that have an effect on the soundness and decision-making of the Iranian regime. The Important Threats Venture (CTP) on the American Enterprise Institute and the Institute for the Examine of Battle (ISW) offers these updates often based mostly on regional occasions.
CTP-ISW defines the “Axis of Resistance” because the unconventional alliance that Iran has cultivated within the Center East because the Islamic Republic got here to energy in 1979. This transnational coalition is comprised of state, semi-state, and non-state actors that cooperate to safe their collective pursuits. Tehran considers itself to be each a part of the alliance and its chief. Iran furnishes these teams with various ranges of economic, navy, and political assist in change for a point of affect or management over their actions. Some are conventional proxies which are extremely aware of Iranian course, whereas others are companions over which Iran exerts extra restricted affect. Members of the Axis of Resistance are united by their grand strategic targets, which embrace eroding and ultimately expelling American affect from the Center East, destroying the Israeli state, or each. Pursuing these targets and supporting the Axis of Resistance to these ends have change into cornerstones of Iranian regional technique.
[1] https://x.com/JasonMBrodsky/standing/1930307941170585636
[2] https://farsi.khamenei dot ir/news-content?id=60355
[3] https://www.criticalthreats.org/evaluation/iran-update-june-4-2025-6840e74e089fb#_edn4d296b0ab9b9cba388aeca9c709a01b9ref1
[4] https://t.me/MID_Russia/59903;
https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/china-iran-russia-kick-off-talks-beijing-over-irans-nuclear-issues-2025-03-14/ ;
https://x.com/Gharibabadi/standing/1909633829511266556 ;
https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/information/1403/12/24/3274988/ ;
https://x.com/Gharibabadi/standing/1929920206660338005
[5] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/information/1403/12/24/3274988/ ; https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/china-iran-russia-kick-off-talks-beijing-over-irans-nuclear-issues-2025-03-14/ ;
https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/russia-defends-irans-right-peaceful-nuclear-program-ahead-us-israel-talks-2025-03-21/
[6] https://www.bbc dot com/persian/articles/cz7v1y7gj99o
[7] https://apnews.com/article/iran-nuclear-iaea-uranium-7f6c9962c1e4199e951559096bcf5cc0?taid=683ae0271dc7320001739354&utm_campaign=TrueAnthem&utm_medium=AP&utm_source=Twitter ;
https://www.criticalthreats.org/evaluation/iran-update-june-2-2025#_edn5cbd1ff3b7052a53938da85db3ee66f41
[8] https://x.com/JasonMBrodsky/standing/1929662591011639730
[9] https://www.reuters.com/world/iran-send-russia-launchers-short-range-missiles-sources-say-2025-05-09/
[10] https://www.reuters.com/enterprise/aerospace-defense/irans-revolutionary-guards-commander-says-iran-purchased-russian-made-sukhoi-35-2025-01-27/
[11] https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/24/world/middleeast/american-commandos-russian-mercenaries-syria.html
[12] https://www.wsj.com/world/russia-provided-targeting-data-for-houthi-assault-on-global-shipping-eabc2c2b
[13] https://x.com/IranNuances/standing/1880263317396299951 ; https://president dot ir/fa/156864
[14] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/information/1404/03/15/3328264
[15] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/information/1404/03/15/3328264
[16] https://www.mehrnews dot com/information/6489810/ ;
https://www.mehrnews dot com/information/6489807
[17] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/information/1404/03/12/3326297
[18] https://www.irna dot ir/information/84859472 ;
https://www.farsnews dot ir/information/14020206000898
[19] https://www.mehrnews dot com/information/6489680
[20] https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-october-29-2024 ;
https://x.com/hey_itsmyturn/standing/1850131941359509872
https://www.bbc.com/information/articles/cy7dkgz71x6o
[21] https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-april-4-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-april-7-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-april-14-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-april-16-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-april-21-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-april-24-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-may-1-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-may-14-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-may-23-2025 ;
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-may-30-2025
[22] www.bo-bast.com
[23] https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/standing/1928179521779339409 ; https://t.me/SyrianArabNewsAgency/131292 ; https://t.me/syrianmoi/24456
[24] https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/standing/1928179521779339409 ; https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/standing/1930540827463254190 ;
[25] https://www.csis.org/evaluation/coming-conflict-hezbollah ; https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/hezbollahpercentE2percent80percent99s-military-forces-are-failing-lebanon ; https://www.fdd.org/evaluation/2023/10/24/israel-strikes-hezbollah-cells-in-lebanon
[26] https://x.com/LebarmyOfficial/standing/1928438515102097587
[27] https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-may-12-2025
[28] https://www.lbcgroup dot television/information/news-bulletin-reports/848527/ambush-on-the-border-107-illegal-crossings-closed-as-lebanese-army-thw/en ; https://www.fb.com/middleeastmonitor/posts/lebanon-closed-six-illegal-border-crossings-with-syria-amid-efforts-to-stop-smug/1053827730110589/ ; https://right this moment.lorientlejour dot com/article/1452914/lebanese-army-announces-closure-of-four-illegal-crossings-along-lebanon-syria-border.html
[29] https://www.arabnews dot com/node/2602658/amp
[30] https://www.arabnews dot com/node/2602658/amp ; https://www.newarab.com/information/syria-lebanon-army-officials-holds-talks-border-security
[31] https://right this moment.lorientlejour dot com/article/1462167/lebanese-military-security-delegations-meet-with-leaders-in-damascus.html ; https://www.arabnews dot com/node/2602658/amp
[32] https://www.newarab.com/information/eu-announces-175-million-euro-package-syria-reconstruction
[33] https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/tpercentC3percentBCrkiye/eu-announces-175-million-euro-support-recovery-syria_en
[34] https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2025/05/28/syria-eu-adopts-legal-acts-to-lift-economic-sanctions-on-syria-enacting-recent-political-agreement/
[35] https://t.me/SyrianArabNewsAgency/131282 ; https://www.newarab.com/information/eu-announces-175-million-euro-package-syria-reconstruction
[36] https://thecradle.co/articles-id/31209 ;
[37] https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/tpercentC3percentBCrkiye/eu-announces-175-million-euro-support-recovery-syria_en ; https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/tpercentC3percentBCrkiye/eu-announces-175-million-euro-support-recovery-syria_en
[38] https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/tpercentC3percentBCrkiye/eu-announces-175-million-euro-support-recovery-syria_en
[39] https://shafaq.com/ar/%D8percentB3percentDBpercent8CpercentD8percentA7percentD8percentB3percentD8percentA9/%D8percentA7percentD9percent84-%D8percentB7percentD8percentA7percentD8percentB1-%D9percent8ApercentD8percentAApercentD9percent81percentD9percent82-%D8percentB9percentD9percent84percentD9percent89-%D8percentAApercentD8percentB9percentD8percentAFpercentD9percent8ApercentD9percent84-%D9percent82percentD8percentA7percentD9percent86percentD9percent88percentD9percent86-%D8percentA7percentD9percent84percentD8percentA7percentD9percent86percentD8percentAApercentD8percentAEpercentD8percentA7percentD8percentA8percentD8percentA7percentD8percentAA-%D8percentAApercentD9percent88percentD8percentB2percentD9percent8ApercentD8percentB9-20-%D9percent85percentD9percent86-%D8percentB5percentD9percent88percentD8percentA7percentD8percentAA-%D8percentB1-%D9percent8ApercentD8percentB3-%D8percentA7percentD9percent84percentD9percent82percentD8percentA7-%D9percent85percentD8percentA9
[40] https://shafaq dot com/ar/%D8percentB3percentDBpercent8CpercentD8percentA7percentD8percentB3percentD8percentA9/%D8percentA7percentD9percent84-%D8percentB7percentD8percentA7percentD8percentB1-%D9percent8ApercentD8percentAApercentD9percent81percentD9percent82-%D8percentB9percentD9percent84percentD9percent89-%D8percentAApercentD8percentB9percentD8percentAFpercentD9percent8ApercentD9percent84-%D9percent82percentD8percentA7percentD9percent86percentD9percent88percentD9percent86-%D8percentA7percentD9percent84percentD8percentA7percentD9percent86percentD8percentAApercentD8percentAEpercentD8percentA7percentD8percentA8percentD8percentA7percentD8percentAA-%D8percentAApercentD9percent88percentD8percentB2percentD9percent8ApercentD8percentB9-20-%D9percent85percentD9percent86-%D8percentB5percentD9percent88percentD8percentA7percentD8percentAA-%D8percentB1-%D9percent8ApercentD8percentB3-%D8percentA7percentD9percent84percentD9percent82percentD8percentA7-%D9percent85percentD8percentA9
[41] https://www.chathamhouse.org/websites/default/information/2021-10/2021-10-05-Iraq’s-electroral-system-stewart-jolley-pdf.pdf
[42] https://www.chathamhouse.org/websites/default/information/2021-10/2021-10-05-Iraq’s-electroral-system-stewart-jolley-pdf.pdf pg. 21
[43] https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/iraqs-endless-electoral-law-debate ; https://www.iswresearch.org/2025/04/iran-update-april-1-2025.html
[44] https://shafaq dot com/ar/%D8percentB3percentDBpercent8CpercentD8percentA7percentD8percentB3percentD8percentA9/%D8percentA7percentD9percent84-%D8percentB7percentD8percentA7percentD8percentB1-%D9percent8ApercentD8percentAApercentD9percent81percentD9percent82-%D8percentB9percentD9percent84percentD9percent89-%D8percentAApercentD8percentB9percentD8percentAFpercentD9percent8ApercentD9percent84-%D9percent82percentD8percentA7percentD9percent86percentD9percent88percentD9percent86-%D8percentA7percentD9percent84percentD8percentA7percentD9percent86percentD8percentAApercentD8percentAEpercentD8percentA7percentD8percentA8percentD8percentA7percentD8percentAA-%D8percentAApercentD9percent88percentD8percentB2percentD9percent8ApercentD8percentB9-20-%D9percent85percentD9percent86-%D8percentB5percentD9percent88percentD8percentA7percentD8percentAA-%D8percentB1-%D9percent8ApercentD8percentB3-%D8percentA7percentD9percent84percentD9percent82percentD8percentA7-%D9percent85percentD8percentA9
[45] https://www.aljazeera dot internet/politics/2025/5/9/%d8percentb4percentd9percent84percentd9percent84-%d8percenta7percentd9percent84percentd8percenta8percentd8percentb1percentd9percent84percentd9percent85percentd8percenta7percentd9percent86-%d8percenta7percentd9percent84percentd8percentb9percentd8percentb1percentd8percenta7percentd9percent82percentd9percent8a-%d8percentb9percentd8percentb7percentd9percent84percentd8percenta9-%d8percentaapercentd8percentb4percentd8percentb1percentd9percent8apercentd8percentb9percentd9percent8apercentd8percenta9-%d9percent81percentd9percent8a
[46] https://t.me/army21ye/3069
[47] https://x.com/idfonline/standing/1930601234278264919
[48] https://www.israelhayom dot com/2025/06/05/flight-cancellations-to-israel-extended-by-major-airlines/
