Roman Emperor
Dominated from 60–44 B.C.E.
The reign of Julius Caesar reshaped historical Rome in ways in which nonetheless reverberate in our trendy world. Even colloquial phrases in our lexicon like “crossing the Rubicon” and “beware the Ides of March” originate, in some sense or one other, with Caesar.
His first main achievement was the conquest of Gaul. From 58 to 50 B.C.E., Caesar conquered the lands comprising modern-day Belgium, France, and elements of Germany as much as the Rhine. Caesar’s tactical brutality, which included depriving his opponents of water and purposefully mutilating them, made him a celebrated normal.
Caesar was initially a part of the First Triumvirate, alongside Crassus and Pompey. However after Crassus loss of life, tensions between Caesar and Pompey got here to a boiling level. Quite than undergo Pompey’s demand that Caesar disband his military, Caesar took his military throughout the Rubicon and marched on Rome, finally defeating Pompey’s forces and seizing sole management of the Roman Republic.
It will be, underneath Caesar, a Republic no extra. Caesar oversaw the federal government’s transformation into the Roman Empire, with he, himself, on the prime. He applied a wave of adjustments to the practices of the empire: centralizing energy, increasing the Senate, and even implementing the Julian calendar.
That the depth of his energy seize matched that of his navy conquests brought on concern inside the newly-restructured empire. The seemingly-untouchable emperor was finally felled by his personal allies, together with Brutus and Cassius, on the Ides of March in 44 B.C.E.
